STYLISTIC TECHNIQUES IN THE REPRESENTATION OF LATVIAN CHARACTER: A STUDY OF GATIS ŠĻŪKA’S CARTOONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55877/cc.vol16.82Keywords:
cognitive stylistics, humour, metaphor, metonymy, stylistic pattern.Abstract
The purpose of the article is to study a variety of cartoons by the famous Latvian cartoonist Gatis Šļūka who often represents Latvia and Latvians, capturing their very character and spirit. The main objective of this study is to examine diverse stylistic patterns and their visual and verbal interaction. The frequent use of stylistic patterns implies that Latvian thinking is naturally figurative. The cartoons often mock various predicaments in different domains of life. To appreciate the complete meaning of a cartoon, it is crucial to understand the historical and social context of the cartoon, especially if it is not analysed around the moment of its creation. The most recurrent stylistic pattern that appears in nearly all analysed cartoons is metonymy, thus it can be concluded that metonymy plays the most important role in meaning construction. There are other significant stylistic techniques such as personification, allusion and pun. In most cases it is possible to state that interaction of stylistic patterns is evident in the cartoons.Downloads
References
Aristotle. (2001). In: R. McKeon, (ed). The Basic Works of Aristotle. New York: The Modern Library.
Boldāne, I. (2011). Etnisko stereotipu veidošanās apstākļi Latvijā: 1850. – 2004. Promocijas darbs. Rīga: Latvijas Universitāte.
EOLD 2018. (2018). English Oxford Living Dictionaries. Oxford University Press.
Available: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/english (viewed 01.11.2018.)
Forceville, C. (2009). Non-verbal and Multimodal Metaphor in a Cognitivist Framework: Agendas for Research. In: C. Forceville and E. Urios-Aparisi (eds). Multimodal Metaphor. Berlin; New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 19–42.
Gibbs, R. W. Jr. (2002). The Poetics of Mind: Figurative Thought, Language and Understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goodman, S. (1996). Visual English. In: S. Goodman and D. Graddol (eds). Redesigning English: New Texts, New Identities. London; New York: Routledge, pp. 38–72.
Kövecses, Z. (2002). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
Krasovska, E. (2013). Metonīmija un figuratīvā domāšana: Kognitīvās stilistikas pieeja. Promocijas darbs. Rīga: Latvijas Kultūras akadēmija.
Lakoff, G., and Johnson, M. (2003). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago; London: The University of Chicago Press.
Lakoff, G., and Turner, M. (1989). More than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor. Chicago; London: The University of Chicago Press.
Leech, G. N. (1991). A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry. London; New York: Longman.
LFV (2000). Latviešu frazeoloģijas vārdnīca. A. Laua, A. Ezeriņa un S. Veinberga (sast.).
Rīga: Avots.
LSM (2018a). Gatis Šļūka jaunajā grāmatā pasmaidījis gan par večiņu Latviju, gan vidējo latvieti. Available: https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/kultura/maksla/gatis-sluka-jaunaja-gramata-pasmaidijis-gan-par-vecinu-latviju-gan-videjo-latvieti.a280410/ (viewed 28.09.2018.)
LSM (2018b). Things to know about Latvia’s soon-to-be-published KGB files. Available:
https://eng.lsm.lv/article/features/features/things-to-know-about-latvias-soonto-be-published-kgb-files.a301698/ (viewed 10.12.2018.)
Marķitāne, D. (2015). Kāpēc izvēlaties dzīvot un strādāt ārzemēs? “LA” aptauja. AS “Latvijas Mediji”. Available: http://www.la.lv/dzivot-labi-var-ari-latvija (viewed 01.11.2018.)
Naciscione, A.(2001). Phraseological Units in Discourse: Towards Applied Stylistics. Riga: Latvian Academy of Culture.
Naciscione, A. (2010). Stylistic Use of Phraseological Units in Discourse. Amsterdam; Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Schiffrin, D., Tannen, D., and Hamilton, H. E. (2010). Introduction. In: D. Schiffrin, D. Tannen, and H. E. Hamilton (eds). The Handbook of Discourse Analysis. Malden; Oxford; Carlton: Blackwell Publishing, 1–10.
Šļūka, G. (2008, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2017, 2018). Karikatūra.lv. Available: https://karikatura.lv (viewed 1.08.2018.)
The Song and Dance Celebration (2018). XXVI Vispārējie latviešu Dziesmu un XVI Deju svētki. Latvijas Nacionālais kultūras centrs. Available: https://dziesmusvetki.lv/en/about-the-celebration/the-song-and-dance-celebration/ (viewed 05.08.2018.)
Veinberga, E. (2014). Multimodal Metonymic Image of the Bottle in Advertising. In: E. Račienė (ed). Language in Different Contexts. Research papers, Vol VI (1), Part 1. Vilnius: Lietuvos edukologijos universiteto leidykla, pp. 182–191.
Veinberga, E. (2015). Are Allusions, Intertextuality and Precedent Texts the Same Cognitive Mechanisms? In: S. Polkovņikova (ed). Valoda – 2015. Valodadažādu kultūru kontekstā. XXV Zinātnisko rakstu krājums. Daugavpils: Daugavpils Universitātes Akadēmiskais apgāds “Saule”, pp. 328–336.
Veinberga, E. (2016). An Insight into Stylistic Use of the Visual and the Verbal: Case Studies of the Magazine “Ir” Covers. In: S. Polkovņikova (ed). Valoda – 2016. Valoda dažādu kultūru kontekstā. XXVI Zinātnisko rakstu krājums. Daugavpils: Daugavpils Universitātes Akadēmiskais apgāds “Saule”, pp. 314–320.
WDS 2001. (2001). Wales, K. A Dictionary of Stylistics. Harlow: Longman.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Culture Crossroads
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.